Essay on Obesity in Ameirca - 647 Words

Obesity has become a concern for many people in our culture. The obesity rate among Americans has gotten worse over the years. The topic of weight is very prevalent among people in todays society. Everywhere you look you see people of different weights and appearances. Tall, small, thin, wide, fat and skinny are just a variety of the words we use to describe people. Not many people are completely satisfied with their weight. People are constantly looking for ways to better themselves and improve their physical appearance. In our society, obesity has become a defining problem of American culture. So many people are overweight or obese today due to a number of factors that influence being overweight and obese which include†¦show more content†¦Price competition has lead manufacturers to increase product size which not only draws attention to the product but increases their profits. Some examples are the larger portions of candy bars, the â€Å"supersizing† of menu items of fast food restaurants, the larger soft drink sizes and the bigger portion sizes in restaurants. When this happens, the physical activity should come into effect. Not only cutting back on the food throughout the day but keeping a child active is highly recommended. Parents can not allow the child to do anything that would be a health hazard of becoming to fat. After school, kids need to be involved in after school activities which keep them active. Physical education is a must during the school hours. They should be taught in and out of school that being active is a key ingredient to maintaining a respectable weight. Kids should be involved in sports since most of them look up to professional athletes. Now the aspect of being thin is good. People put the image that being thin is always good, but in all reality being thin may be harmful to your health. Too thin and obese are in some ways have brought up the same issues in some societies. Too thin and obese can cause medical issues . To be beautiful is not to be too thin or obese, but to be in the middle-moderate plump. Another concern to the problem of obesity is the way that advertisements and the foodShow MoreRelated Obesity in Ameirca Essay722 Words   |  3 Pages The dramatic growth in obesity and over weight among Americans can become a hot topic, receiving widespread attention in the media. In a recent article in science magazine said that the national obesity rate will be 39% by 2008. Obesity has risen dramatically in the past 10 years. It is estimated that as many as one in five Americans is obese, a condition defined as being more than 30 percent above the ideal weight based on height. Even scarier is that obesity rates for children have doubled over

Essay on Is Racial Profiling a Problem in our Society

Is Racial Profiling a Problem in our Society? If a certain race, for example a white person robs a bank, is the whole white race held accountable? Now say a African American person decides to hijack a commercial plane and crash it into a city, because of this certain event, is the whole African American Community interrogated or under harassment, only by the reason of their skin color or cultural background? Or what about Arabs and Muslims, just because the Al-Qaeda was a mass-Arab organization, are all the Arabs alive on this planet terrorists, are all of them going to bomb everyplace they step foot in? These stereotypes dont just stop here, there are countless more races such as Hispanics, Japanese, Chinese, Indians, and Vietnamese-†¦show more content†¦Criminal profiling is designed to help police spot criminals by developing a set of personal and behavioral characteristics associated with particular offences, with a better â€Å"profiles† it is easier to treat whoever as a suspect. (Harris,11). But while us ing this tactic, it can quickly become into harsh racial profiling, only because they both share the same techniques. But many law enforcements might argue back that it makes perfect sense in using these specific traits due to that fact that certain races have larger involvement in certain crimes (Harris,17). By saying this, the officials basically have a free pass at detaining anybody, only on the basis of a suspicion which is concidently related to their skin color. There have been countless situations where innocent people who are automatically assumed to criminals and were discriminated against. One example dating back to 1998, happened to Sergeant First Class Rossano Gerald, an African American who had devoted his life to the United States Army, was on the way to a family reunion in Oklahoma. During the roadtrip Gerald noticed several patrol cars who followed him for a little bits of times. Then, he was pulled over six times and the seventh time after being wrongfully accused o f going over the speed limit and even after providing a valid licence, proof of insurance and a army identification, was detained inside a police vehicle. The police then said that he has smelled drugs and called the dogs to look forShow MoreRelatedRacism And The Criminal Justice System1739 Words   |  7 Pagestaking a deeper look into the problem to find out what other possible determinants may play a role in deciding how an officer makes an arrest or stop and continue to analyze what is happening in those contexts. The issues surrounding the topic of race is like the two faces of the same coin as there are usually two sides that we have to consider: reality and media portrayals. The reality side of situations is always there at the time, but it is so subtly hidden from society that nobody understands itRead More Racial Targeting and Profiling in the United States Essay1455 Words   |  6 PagesRacial Targeting and Profiling in the United States The practice of targeting individuals for police investigation based on their race alone in the last few years has been an increasingly prominent issue in American society. Numerous magazines, newspapers, and journals have explored the issue of race-motivated police actions. Recently, the ABA Journal did a study of New Jersey and Pennsylvania traffic stops from 1998 to 2001, concluding that black drivers were more likely to be pulled over andRead MoreRacial Profiling And Its Impact On Society1209 Words   |  5 PagesCases of Racial Profiling There are tons of cases of Racial Profiling. Now a days many people are being targeted or attacked by racial profiling. Laws are being passed but not every police officer is following up with it. And because of this more and more people are becoming irritated with the government system. Just because a particular person from a particular race does something wrong, everyone from that race is being discriminated by so-called other races. Racial profiling is gettingRead MoreRacial Profiling : Is It Committed A Crime Based On Their Physical Appearance1516 Words   |  7 PagesRacial Profiling the assumption that someone has committed a crime based on their physical appearance and the stigma that surrounds that culture or group. Racial profiling, therefore, affects everyone in society as it is about humanity and social justice. We can all agree that everyone deserves the chance to be free of stereotypes and even those who aren’t amidst racial profiling should realise that they are affected as those who are guilty may not belong to said stereotyped racial group or thoseRead MoreRace And Ethnicity : Race866 Words   |  4 Pagesas a group of people that share a similar lifestyle, culture, tradition, history, etc. In reality, race itself is ambiguous and can be interpreted in many ways. The concept of race is largely complicated, yet it has seen a major impact in American society, sparking major outcries for many years. The textbook, Rethinking the Color Line: Readings in Race and Ethnicity, goes into substantial detail about race and classifies it â€Å"as a social concept because the idea of race has changed over time.† It statesRead MoreRacial Profiling Is A Social Issue1537 Words   |  7 PagesRacial Profiling is a social issue that is capturing more and more attention worldwide but especially by North Americans. Racial Profiling is the assumption that someone has committed a crime based on their physical appearance and the stigma that sur rounds that culture or group. Racial profiling, therefore, affects everyone in society as it is about humanity. Everyone deserves the chance to be free of stereotypes and even those who aren’t amidst racial profiling should realise that they are affectedRead MoreNarrow Views On The United States939 Words   |  4 Pagesby America government official’s racial profiling citizens of all nationalities that set foot into America territory. As citizens of the United States, we are concerned about criminality undermining our society; drugs, terrorist attacks and violence are increasing in our communities. Although crime is a serious problem in our society, government resources are limited and we live under a terrorist threat. However, racial profiling is not the solution to reduce our social issues because it is unconstitutionalRead MoreThe Devastaing Effects of Racial Profiling1064 Words   |  5 Pageswhile driving, shopping or while just walking in a particular neighborhood? Personally I have never been a victim of racial profiling, but I will be 16-years old this summer and able to drive to school, to a friends house or to shop at the mall. I realize that it is a possibility that I could be racially profiled at some point. There have been recent incidents that made racial profiling a very controversial issue. On February 26, 2012 in Sanford, Florida, Trayvon Martin, an unarmed, 17-year old African-AmericanRead MoreShould The Color Of One’S Skin Subject Them To A Higher1684 Words   |  7 PagesThis is a very controversial topic in today’s society and leaves many confused. There are many arguments from all sides, some saying that this practice has helped catch many criminals and that people would not have to worry if they are not doing anything wrong. Others deny it all together and say that racial profiling simply does not exist and police officers are just trying to do their job. These arguments are both wrong. Not only does racial profiling exist, but it is wrong and only serves to createRead MoreRace After The Internet by Lisa Nakamura and Peter Chow-White 1411 Words   |  6 PagesWhat makes people think it is acceptable to racially profile others? In almost any situation whether it is in public, in your own home or the internet most people seem to partake in racial profiling in one way or another. Typically this is done by discriminating someone purely based off of skin color or by stereotypes they may have heard in the past. But what does the internet have to do with this? There are a couple instances which have been shown throughout the media that are good examples of this

Social Media Strategy And Development Target Australia †Samples

Question: Discuss about the Social Media Strategy And Development. Answer: Introduction Target Australia is a chain of departmental stores which is owned by Wesfarmers. The company is dedicated to provide fashion, style and quality products which is affordable by most of the population of Australia (Target Australia, 2017). The report is based on the evaluation and investigation of the range of social media metrics and analytic approaches with the set of recommendations to form an appropriate social media strategy for the organisation. Various analytical tools and the potential data mining approaches will be discussed. The report will focus on the comprehensive understanding of the social media landscape and an understanding on the customers and main stakeholders. Also, the social media plans and policies will be developed including the strategies of content and recommendations will be provided on the social media data. Analysis Social media analytics can be understood as the process of collecting data from the stakeholders through digital media and then this data is structured and converted into the meaningful information so that important decisions of the business can be taken. It helps in increasing the involvement of the customers and also in measuring the performance of the company (Stieglitz, 2014). Target Australia is the departmental store which adopts social media strategies in order to increase the popularity of the business and to increase the sales. The brands today, need social media to show their lively presence. But it is very important to analyse this in order to know whether it is working in favour of the organisation or not. Need of Social Media analytics Social media analytics is needed because it helps in supporting the marketing decisions of the business. With the increased usage of social media, it is very important to monitor how the company is performing and how many users are actually getting connected with the business through social media (Fan Gordon, 2014). For e.g. On Facebook, it is been analysed that the users have liked or joined any page of a company and saw interests in their advertisements. Benefits and challenges of Social Media Analytics The benefits of Social Media Analytics include: The increased number of posts and content It provides competitive benchmarking for the business. It helps in identifying the influencers of business. Cost saving on the marketing and advertisement activities Better optimization of the content and marketing strategies (Carver, 2015) It helps in providing better customer services due to the knowledge about the customer responses. SMA helps in completing the significant tasks like diagnose, Prioritize and Evaluate. Diagnose refers to assessing that how the communication strategies will be adjusted to improve the results of the companys strategy. Prioritize includes determining the content, users, the platform to be used and other factors on priority. At last, Evaluate refers to the analysis of data to which determines the success and value of your marketing strategy (Holsapple, Hsiao Pakath, 2014). On the contrary, it also has some challenges which are to be faced by the companies. The challenges for adopting Social Media analytics includes: The companies find it difficult to collect data from various sources. More of multimedia is involved rather than the related text. There is a need to develop different techniques so that the companies could identify and track the posts. There are problems in social media posts which have to be addressed. It is challenging to arrange the unstructured data (Hausman, 2014). As per Jackson (2016), Social media metrics can be referred to the data and statistics which provide insights to the business for its social media marketing performance. Target Australia can also measure the brand performance on social media on the basis of the responses which the content receives. On the basis of this, the analysis of the performance on social media can be measured for the competitors as well which helps the organisation to determine its own position in the industry. Tools used for social media analytics There are many tools which can be used by Target Australia to review its own performance. It is very important to find the right tool for the business because these tools vary as per the costs, prices, experience of user effectiveness. Some of the tools which can be used by Target Australia are explained below: Facebook Insights: Facebook is one of the largest social media platforms which help the company in knowing and keeping the track of the posts and likes received by the company. It also helps the company in determining the demographics and choices of the customers. It helps in letting the company know that which posts are helpful in getting success for the business (Sterne, 2010). Twitter analytics: The twitter analytics helps business in knowing that which tweets are succeeding and to what degree. The matrix will help in breaking the audience into the percentages which will be based on the gender, income, choices, etc. This helps the business in segmenting its customers so that the potential customers can be targeted. Pinterest Analytics: By creating a business profile on Pinterest, Target Australia can know that what users are loving about their pins or what kind of pins are most liked by people. It helps in gaining insights about the interested followers and here, half the battle is won. Instagram Insights: Here, free business profile can be created and the business could get the details about the profile views and also the demographic data about the followers or visitors. It also shows who are the active users on Instagram who visit the profile and promotions of the business (Sudarsanam, 2016). Some of the social media websites offers its own analytics like discussed above but there are some other tools as well which helps the companies to understand how their business is performing. Some of the tools are: Google Alerts: Here, the business get some alerts and whatever the business name is mentioned online, it get alerts. It helps business in knowing that which content is bringing it in headlines (Lovett, 2011). Hootsuite: It is one of the most used social mediamanagement system. It helps in organising the campaigns on many social media websites. It helps in recognizing the audience, targeting the audience and then treating them accordingly. It helps in providing weekly reports on the social analytics of the business as well (Berger, 2013). Data Mining Data can be referred to the facts and statistics which are collected for analyses. The companies use social media platforms to collect data to analyse it and find some meaningful information out of it. Data mining can be referred to the process of collecting the data for analysing it so that the information can be built and used for discovering the patterns and trends. Data mining in social media is designed to collect the data from the social media websites like Facebook, Twitter and more. Taking out valuable information from data from social media is social data mining. The social media platforms include Emails, chats, social news, opinions, reviews, etc. Data mining from social media is important because the World Wide Web is vast and millions of people share data over there. This data is helpful for advertising and marketing. With the help of this data, the companies can produce customised products for the customers. It helps in creating rich customer experience and also helps in design and development (Chen, Chiang Storey, 2012). Target Australia adopts data mining techniques like Graph Mining or Text Mining. Applications like Big data can be used for data mining. These services have to be purchased by the organisations like Target Australia to get the facility of data mining. Data Mining is a significant process for the analysis of social media for the organisations (Gandomi Haider, 2015). Evaluation and Recommendations: Evaluation After the analysis of the Social media metrics and tools for the analysis, Evaluation is done to choose the best social media analytic tool for Target Australia. The company should select the technology which best supports the business objectives and the nature of business of the organisation. The business has to choose among the different available features and select the ones which are required for the evaluation of then social media strategies of the business. The business could also use multiple tools providing they are in the budget of the company (Kurniawati, Shanks Bekmamedova, 2013). The business should evaluate the content used on the social media, sources used and how often they are been reviewed. For evaluating the success of these tools, Target Australia could conduct surveys and can evaluate the statistics to know how much change these tools can bring to the business. Calculation of ROI ROI can be calculated using the standard formula which is given below: ROI= (Total $ Earned- Total $ Invested)/ (Total $ Invested) * 100 ROI is just one measure of calculating the social business of the organisations but there are lot many evaluation tools which were discussed above (Etlinger, 2011). Facebook Insights Metrics Facebook provides complete metrics for the business. By using this, the business can keep a track of all its Facebook pages by clicking on them. Here, the overview of data will be given. This will be in the form of Number of likes, reach and visits of people. This shows the engagement of people with the posts on the Facebook page. For e.g. the Likes Tab will provide the details about the trends of likes on the page. According to Dawley (2016), the companies need to measure their ROI from the social media campaigns. There are some social media metrics which helps in tracking the trends of business and help Target Australia to take its business to next level. The organisation can track the bounce rate which is the percentage of the visitors who leave the website of the company after viewing only single page. The company can take further steps to make people stay on these sites and convert them into the buyers. Google Analytics The business can use Google analytics for this or any other analytics provider. For e.g. In Google Analytics, the business needs to go under the Acquisition tab and then click all traffic for the channels. Here, the business has to click on button of bounce rate and there the channels are ranked from the lowest bounce rate to the highest one. Here, the analysis can be made that which channel is more effective and which one is less effective (Jeffrey, 2013). The companies nowadays participate in the social media. Target Australia has its own website for providing a platform to the shoppers to buy the products and also have social media platforms where the customers can question or provide feedback and the businesses have to respond to this. The company have to measure these activities when they are engaging in social media. It is ideal for evaluating the value of traffic coming from various websites to the Target Australia. It evaluates that how many visitors are converted into the customers (Jeffrey, 2013). Cyfe CYfe is a tool which provides information and the content which is been shared on the social media about the business and it also shows what impact it have on the ROI of the business. The widgets are created as shown in the figure and the reporting on various social media sites can be reported like Facebook advertisements, engagement on Twitter, etc. It helps in tracking sales, invoices and customer visits (Gotter, 2016). Twitter Analytics Target Australia use Twitter to improve its customer experience from retweets. They have created a twitter page where they find out the general mention of their business and talk to people about their brand online. They also invite the customers to share their open feedbacks and experiences with the organisation and then develop the analysis to develop the future actions to engage customers (Smith, 2015). It helps in analysing the number of tweets, profile visits and followers. It provides month position and statistics to the business which helps in bringing improvements in the business. Steps to evaluate the social media analytic tools adopted by Target Australia Step 1: Identify the needs Target Australia is active on Facebook, Twitter and it also has its own website. The company is interested in tracking its social media activities through various tools like Google analytics, facebook insights and Twitter Analytics. The main objective of social media is to connect more and more with the potential customers. The company is facing a challenge in converting the visitors to the buyers of the companys business (Evans, 2010). Step 2: Make a list of top tools to evaluate Target Australia should make a list of the tools which provides best results to the business. This should be evaluated on the basis of online research, reviews by industry experts and recommendations from the professionals (Lawrence, et al., 2010). Step 3: See a demonstration A demonstration should be taken on the business to see the social media data and to understand the features. Step 4: Testing The company should keep the tools on trial for a certain period so that the effectiveness of the tool can be known (Cleary, 2017). This framework or the process will help the business to achieve their social media objectives. Recommendations There are some recommendations to the businesses to analyse their social media tools and make improvements in the business. First of all, Target Australia should use a framework for the social analytics so that a measurement program can be planned. The framework can be planned by setting the business objectives and strategies and then by identifying the business metrics supporting those objectives. There are advantages of the social media data but it also possesses some limitations. The business should educate itself about the limitations of the social data. The business should evaluate how the measurement of likes, visits and shares could help business to grow. The business should also set the roles and responsibilities for the analytical team and should determine that what all resources are needed and how the tools and resources should be used. The budget is also a factor which determines the selection of the evaluation tool. After the assessment of needs, the business should choose a vendor to buy the services as per their needs. If multiple tools are used, the business should consider how they will compliment each other. Some social media policy and plans should be developed which would make it easy to achieve the set targets and objectives. Conclusion It can be concluded that the company is growing in its presence on social media and it requires some analytical tools which determines the success or failure of the social media business of Target Australia. A competitive analysis is required and there are many options available like Facebook Insights, Google alerts, Google analytics, etc. which provides an opportunity for the business to grow its business. The company should not rely on one measurement tool but can try the other tools too as per the framework designed. References Berger, A A (2013).Media analysis techniques. Sage Publications. Carver, B (2015). 5 Reasons to Invest in Dedicated Social Media Analytics Tools. Social Media Today. Chen, H, Chiang, R H, Storey, V C (2012). Business intelligence and analytics: From big data to big impact.MIS quarterly,36(4), 1165-1188. Cleary, I (2017). The Social Media Analytics Compass: What and How to Measure. Razor Social. Dawley, S (2016). 7 Social Media Metrics that Really Matterand How to Track Them. Hootsuite. Etlinger, S (2011). A Framework for Social Analytics. Altimeter. Evans, D (2010).Social media marketing: the next generation of business engagement. John Wiley Sons. Fan, W Gordon, M D (2014). The Power of Social Media Analytics. Communications of the ACM. Gandomi, A Haider, M (2015). Beyond the hype: Big data concepts, methods, and analytics.International Journal of Information Management,35(2), 137-144. Gotter, A (2016). 5 Tools to Measure Social Media ROI. Retrieved from https://www.socialmediaexaminer.com/5-tools-to-measure-social-media-roi/. Hausman, A (2014). 5 Challenges of Real-time Social Media Analytics. Retrieved from https://www.hausmanmarketingletter.com/challenges-real-time-social-media-analytics/. Holsapple, C, Hsiao, S H Pakath, R (2014). Business social media analytics: definition, benefits, and challenges. Jackson, D (2016). All of the Social Media Metrics That Matter. Sprout Social. Jeffrey, A (2013). Social Media Measurement: A Step-by-Step Approach. Institute for Public Relations. Kurniawati, K, Shanks, G G Bekmamedova, N (2013). The Business Impact Of Social Media Analytics. InECIS(Vol. 13, p. 13). Lawrence, R, Melville, P, Perlich, C, Sindhwani, V, Meliksetian, S, Hsueh, P, Liu, Y (2010). Social media analytics.OR/MS Today, 26-30. Lovett, J (2011).Social media metrics secrets(Vol. 159). John Wiley Sons. Smith, M (2015). Top 10 Retail Brands That Lead on Social Media Performance. Marketing eye. Sterne, J (2010).Social media metrics: How to measure and optimize your marketing investment. John Wiley Sons. Stieglitz, S (2014). Social Media Analytics. Business Information Systems Engineering. Sudarsanam, S K (2016). Social Media Metrics.Social Media Listening and Monitoring for Business Applications, 131. Target Australia. (2017). About Us. Retrieved from https://www.target.com.au/company/about-us.

Hate Crime Laws Essay Example For Students

Hate Crime Laws Essay Imagine you are a family member of a man who was chained up to the back of a pickup truck and drug along a gravel road for two miles until he was dead. Then imagine how you would feel after you found out that this happened just because he was a black man. Things like this sicken me. I believe that the people that are responsible for these horrific crimes should be prosecuted to the full extent of the law. That is why I strongly support Hate Crime Laws Essay. Now, before I dive into this very controversial subject, I should probably define what hate crime laws are so you will have a better understanding of what I am talking about. As I have understood it, hate crime laws are laws that protect certain minorities or groups from bias motivated violence and harassment, and also more harshly punish people that commit these crimes against them. As I started to do my research on hate crime laws I began to notice that there are many experts that are on my side of this issue, and very few experts that oppose hate crime legislation. According to Issues and Controversies on File some experts that do not support hate crime laws believe that these laws perpetuate inequality among U.S. citizens. FBI statistics show that the frequency hate crimes in America are increasing as the frequency regular crimes in America have been decreasing. With the increase in hate crimes in America, minority groups are starting to become the prey of the beasts who commit these awful crimes. So the minority groups (Asians, African Americans, Jewish people, Homosexuals, and others) have been pushing to have hate crime laws passed to protect them from violence and ridicule. The laws that are in affect now are only slightly protective of the minorities in hate crimes. The laws that are in state right now say that a hate crime offender can only be prosocuted for their crimes if they are prohibiting the minority or victum of the hate crime from a federally protected right. Such as attending school, voting and etc. The victums of hate crimes do not think that these laws are very strict. The victoms are demanding newer stricter laws. The victoms or minorities want these newer stricter laws because basically they have no protection from violence. The old laws basically just state that if you are prohibiting the person from doing something you are at fault. Well the minorities want these stiffened and they want them to be harsher. An example of what the minorities want is any act done against anyone with intent to cause bodily harm or death because the person was part of a minority group will carry the fine of being federally prosecuted and with that there is the chance of the death penalty. With making the laws more strict the victums of hate crimes will be gaining more security and more protection from having violence and abuse taken out on them. There really is no opposition to making the laws stricter because it seems that most of the hate crimes that are happening are mostly random acts and just young kids creating stupid acts. Although there are the groups out there like the Skinheads and the KKK which create acts against people who tend to be different then them. These people look at the making these laws more strict as being a threat to what they are about. Most likely they are thinking that these laws will not let them say what they mean and express their views to the world. They will want clauses added into the laws and other things to make sure that they will not be descriminated against. When I started writing this paper I was pro strengthening the hate crimes laws. When I ended writing this paper I stand in the same position I started in. There is no way people should be hurt because of their sexual preference, religion, or race. This country and the world definitely is in trouble because we can not seem to get around the fact that some of us our different. If we can not accept the worlds deversity then there will never be an end to hate crimes no matter what laws are passed. Once we understand that a person is a person no matter what race, sexual preference, or religion they are that will be the cure for hate crimes. Rate of photosynthesis Essay So I think there should be more education of our young children on different things and less coverage of hate crimes and bad news in the media. Words / Pages : 673 / 24 .

Introducing Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology Essay Example

Introducing Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology Paper Among the needs of men, food is one which is always regarded as the one of highest priority. Regardless of the present day existing economic conditions, food is always seen as a must have across different social classes and even across countries. The strong pronunciation of food supply as an indicator of social development is so prominent nowadays that many countries are set against it as a qualification that requires both attention and attainment. However food insecurity situations are different for each nation, such as for this paper, food insecurity is different in terms of countries which are better off as compared to those who are impoverished. For example, in Nigeria food insecurity is a matter of life and death in terms of governance (Oculi n. pag. ). It even calls for the attention of having a need to quantitatively meet the food needs of its citizens. On the other hand, Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology questions food insecurity in a different light; she viewed this food issue in relation to the gender representations of food. We will write a custom essay sample on Introducing Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Introducing Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Introducing Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer And for that, this paper will explain food insecurity not in the same manner that other food insecurity papers would have discussed this issue in impoverished countries. To cultivate a holistic understanding of the main thesis of Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology, this paper will be divided in three main parts- introduction, actual examples in terms of media and conclusion. The introduction will include the basic premises which can be discerned from the main text of this paper which is Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology. This part will also include the assumptions set by Bordo’s book on how to start an analysis of common material in terms of the gender portrayals in those media. To support the applicability of these assumptions, this paper will use two media representations of Bordo’s main thesis in the form of a commercial and in a web based article. These media representations are deemed by this paper to be sufficient sources to assess whether there have been improvements in Susan Bordo’s arguments since they have been published in 1993. This assessment will be the conclusion of this paper. Introducing Susan Bordo’s Hunger as Ideology Ideologically loaded media that transcend messages on gender is the basic filed of interest and focus of this Susan Bordo. When putting ideologically loaded messages in the light, a strong focus on the different paradigms of reality and simulations must be taken care of, and should be well defined (Bordo 104). However, the question is, can those who are exposed in these situations fully decipher those that should be discerned as reality and those that should remain as simulations? If yes, what is the extent of its effects on those who are exposed with it? If not, are these people simply helpless in entering a trance towards honing themselves in similar fashion with that of the simulation? To answer these questions, this paper would take a closer look on the main argument of Bordo towards most food advertisements- gender specification. According to Susan Bordo, feminine self restraint and masculine indulgence are the common theme used in commercials to portray the different aspects of food (Descripted lines n. pag. ). From its preparation, cooking, presentation and the actual process of eating- these roles are said to be portrayed in most food commercials. The value of this paper would put emphasis on the fact that realities and simulations are always and will always be present. Simulations, according to Bordo, even if they are blatantly known as manmade realities still have the power to hone the general mindset of individuals through the ideological load that they have (directessays n. pag. ). One of the most prominent simulations presented by Bordo is the Anglo- American formulation of both beauty and character (directessays n.pag. ). The most profound meaning of beauty can only be achieved by following the prescribed character in the commercials. Due to this prescription, a systematic analysis of the subliminal messages imminent in commercials should be conducted (Lane n. pag. ). The message aimed to be put into the minds of watchers is usually subliminal in nature. Furthermore, most commercials of this type aim to create and cultivate a certain culture that would change not only the mindset of the individuals but also their choices (Lane n. pag. ).

Games People Play Essay Example

Games People Play Essay Example Games People Play Essay Games People Play Essay Eric Berne’s â€Å"Games People Play† is one of the best books that profoundly touched and left a mark in me in my quest for answers in the psychotherapy milieu. The book has been quite successful when it was published in 1961and sold more than five million copies.   (Berne, 1964)It is the intention of this paper to discuss the major key points of the book and how it is relevant in the current individual behavior in a society. This paper also covers my personal perspectives regarding the theory of the author.Just what makes this book tick is due to the author’s ability to successfully express his idea about the psychological stages of a person. He developed a theory about human personality and interactions that is simple yet it deeply reaches the core of the person’s emotions, behavior, thoughts, and outlook. This theory is what the author introduced as transactional analysis. A Transactional Analysis is a method of interpreting social interactions. It i s based on the conviction that a human personality can be easily understood in a behavioral and social context i.e. how man exhibits different behaviors and â€Å"transacts† with another human being (Steiner, 1974).Eric Berne developed the idea on ego states which he termed the â€Å"snowman† model or PAC, as shown in Figure 1. The illustration is adopted from the Vanda Attila’s article on Europe’s Journal of Psychology.Figure 1 . The ego state model or the â€Å"snowman† model or PAC model if Dr. Ernie Berne.The author’s main idea is that peoples personalities have three distinct egos or states child, adult and parent. People interact or transact with each other based on these roles they play in certain situation. These ego states are based on the following principles : (i) each individual was once a child; (ii) each person with satisfactory normal brain functions is potentially capable of adequate reality testing;   and (iii) every indi vidual who survives into adult life has had either functioning parents or someone in loco parentis (Berne, 1961, pp. 35-36).Figure 2 is adopted from Dr. Darrel Farren’s book Positive Strength: Personal Psychology to illustrate Berne’s concept. An individual may relate or transact to another individual based on any of these ego-states. Berne believes that if one is fully aware of these stages and is able to express the adult stage and contain the child and parental stages depending on the certain situation, the communication between and among individuals would be a lot better.The child ego represents the characteristic when we were children like for example, dependent, poignant, amiable, naà ¯ve/innocent, playful and so on. The adult ego is our matured, rational and objective part of our personality while the parent represents our parental (or their substitutes) tendencies and attitudes that controls, counsels and dominates.The theory hypothesized that many negative be haviors can be traced to switching or confusion of these ego-states. The book discusses the methods, rituals, and pastimes in social behavior, in view of this transactional analysis. To give a brief example, an office manager or boss who is not satisfied with the output of his workers will use the parent ego-state or parental role and often results into forced obedience, grumpiness, or other child-like reactions from his workers.The author highlighted the different modes of transactions. Two persons having a normal conversation goes through what Berne calls â€Å"complementary transactions† that takes place when two individuals are transacting on the same frequency or similar ego state as shown in figure 3.Conflict may happen if the interaction is of different levels which the author termed as crossed transaction (see figure 4).Transactional Analysis is a theory of communications and interpersonal interaction.   Sometimes the communications between two people have a hidden message, meaning, and agenda.   The result of this hidden message is a game.   The purpose of the game is to get a need met, without asking directly for what we need or want.   People learn how to play these games to get our needs met as children, and they worked then.   Now, as adults, they are the source of problems in our every-day relationships with ourselves and those around us, because things get much more complicated as our age progresses.Transactional Analysis help people to understand, explain and change their behavior and have better relationships with others.   Through these ideas, people begin to get understand ourselves and how we interact, as well as others.The book provides a series of games that show how different people interact or react to certain situations through a foreseeable series of transactions. Berne uses casual phrases in describing the games where the presumed champions of the games are those who returns to the adult ego-state first.The authorà ¢â‚¬â„¢s theory is based on the idea that these so-called games give a means to an end which enable men to interact socially with others and find belongingness which is an essential part of man’s survival. These games are the following: See What You Made Me Do ; Aint It Awful; and Im Only Trying To Help You. (Berne, 1964)However, this is not to say that each one reading this book would resolve all his problems, although the concept can definitely make one more logical, radical and objective for those who are capable of profound understanding.The book basically previews the roles performed by everybody in relating or interacting with each other. This role play is named a game and each game is analysed based on the psychological benefits derived to the individual by playing it. The payoffs decide why people become what they become. As an example, allow me to quote some lines from the book to illustrate some of Berne’s point. . He claims that each one changes from one ego states to another, playing games, attaining and enjoying the payoff which are all acted out unconsciously. One of the games he describes is, â€Å"Why Dont You. . .Yes, But.† The following lines illustrate how it might take place.Hyacinth: My husband never builds anything right.Camellia: Why doesnt he take a course in carpentry?Hyacinth: Yes, but he doesnt have time.Rosita: Why dont you buy him some good tools?Hyacinth: Yes, but he doesnt know how to use them.Holly: Why dont you hire a carpenter?Hyacinth: Yes, but that would cost too much.Iris: Why dont you just accept what he does?Hyacinth: Yes, but the whole thing might fall down.(Berne, 196l, p. 104)The wife projects two roles in the game. She is basically coming out of as a hurt child state and is setting up her friends to be a good parent to her. In this scenario, Hyacinth shifts from one character to another.   This is a bit disappointing for those who want to extend assistance as it cannot connect with the similar f requency or adult ego state.The author’s ideas maybe outmoded but with some exceptions these are still relevant and applicable in today’s pattern of behavior.   Although I find some of Bernes analyses and ideas contrasting my personal viewpoint, I still find this book fascinating that gave me new perspectives on things that I find puzzling.This book is also a must read for parents who wish to properly rear their children with better understanding of character development. This subject is only a theory in psychology, it is an old theory and there are a whole lot of other theories, but the knowledge of this can usher each towards a long way.Bener’s book is something that reaches out deeply into the heart of all relationships. It is useful in shaping human relationship as it is so simple yet provides profound impact. It is somehow designed for one to interact rationally, positively and optimally. The concept helps to address certain perspective and attitude towar ds life, a humanistic principle that promotes an individual’s liberty and psychological wellness.If everyone can attain this level of understanding and developed the ability to transact rationally with others, then certainly the world would become a better place to live in.

Scenes from the life of St. John the Baptist by B. Giovianni Essay

Scenes from the life of St. John the Baptist by B. Giovianni - Essay Example The paper tells that Giovanni depicts a stage on which a life of St. John is being portrayed.   He makes the artifice of the theatre painstakingly clear from the transition from an Italian tiled floor to a backdrop painting of grasslands, as well as the depiction of a character on the far left of the painting not standing in front of the backdrop.   The illusion of reality is further simultaneously created and broken by the use of perspective in the painting.   The perspective used on the floor is inconsistent with the one used in the backdrop, giving the impression that the backdrop is flat and two dimensional while the stage is three dimensional with a great deal of depth, which is what one would experience viewing a stage with a painted backdrop.   The characters on the left, however, all continue growing smaller in the distance at the same rate and on the same imagined plane, with the group of three and an infant in the foreground appearing realistically larger than the g roup of three with the kneeling woman in the mid-ground and the group of three with the animal and the infant on the backdrop.   This unity of character combines with the disunity of floor perspective to remind the viewer that they are looking at a piece of art of a piece of art, forcing their attention on the artifice of construction.   All this works to remind the viewer to interpret all art as art, rather than connecting it overly with reality or other kinds of truth.

Discuss Whether Justified True Belief Can Be Considered Knowledge Essay

Discuss Whether Justified True Belief Can Be Considered Knowledge - Essay Example Nonetheless, such engagement can also bring one to learn more about knowledge – a term ordinarily thought synonymous with the word ‘know’, when not everything we know constitutes knowledge, not even a JTB? JTB is composed of three concepts – belief, truth and justifiedness. Most basic of which is the understanding of belief, as the question of knowledge here is actually related with belief. To rephrase the main question, if JTB can be considered knowledge, would be: Can belief be qualified as knowledge if it is proven justifiably true? From this question, it can be inferred that not all beliefs can be considered knowledge and that even JTB can be doubted as knowledge. Essentially so, the main question centres on understanding what knowledge is. But since the question of knowledge here is limited only in qualifying JTB as knowledge or not, the discussion would only be limited in understanding philosophical views that either affirm or negate JTB as knowledge. So the discussion shall focus only on understanding when a belief is justifiably true; when JTB cannot be considered knowledge; and when JTB can be considered knowledge. Justified True Belief Belief is something we accept to be real or true. ... Of these, perceptual belief is most common, because we easily believe on the existence of things that are perceivable – these are called sense data. These sense data make us believe on the existence of things. For example, we believe in flowers because we see, smell and touch them. In fact, the first and immediate way for us in knowing about the things around us is making use of our five senses (Huemer 2002, p. 27). We come to know first about flowers not through books but through seeing one; we come to differentiate between sweet and bitter not through others testimony but through our sense of taste; we come to know pain and relief because we felt it; we come to know about odours because we smell them; and we come to know about sounds because we hear them – these perceptual experiences we have everyday made us believe on their existence. But not everything we perceive necessarily constitutes what we believe. There are some things we perceive that we may not believe nor care to believe. For example, we see a horse in a painting. Although we know what a horse look like, we do not believe that the horse in the painting is a real horse knowing that works of art, like painting, are basically imitations of the real world or representations of the painter’s perception, feelings or thought (Sheppard 1987, p. 4). On the other hand, not everything we believe may be true, because we are imperfect not only in our perceptions but also in what we remember, on how we reason out, and in other things that we do; so, it is most probable that we can be deceived by our own senses (Audi 2003, p. 8), which under various circumstances can perform differently. For example, if you are colour-blind, you are

Briefing Article 750 words & Case Analysis Report 1000 words include Essay

Briefing Article 750 words & Case Analysis Report 1000 words include appropriate 2-3 graphics - Essay Example They have more than 300,000 Team Members at corporate offices and they have owned, managed and franchised properties in 90 different countries. Audience: Hilton worldwide focuses business and cooperate class worldwide. Their main target is business people who travel from country to country to attend their seminars and meetings. They provide them with best services and hospitality. They keep on improving their hotels culture, environment and services to make their customer attracted and impressed. Hilton worldwide is a market leader in hospitality, sustainability, travel, and tourism and business sector. They are grabbing the attention of their audience by updating photos of every event that held in there on social media. This thing helps them to stay in touch with their audience. More over they attract people by their magazines and latest updates on face book and via emails to some regular customers (Hilton Caribbean 2013). Strategy: The PR CP assured Communications Strategy Hilton W orldwide had a voice in all targeted areas and relevant markets for the Organization's goals and mission statement. The main campaign for Hilton Worldwide Australasia was based around the leadership of thought and raises the profile of the Organization and its main spokesman. Hilton Worldwide could not be positioned as "just another brand of luxury hotel" instead; CP Communications has developed a strategy which focuses on the "behind the scenes of the development of business and HR of Hilton Worldwide practices as well as the sector of the luxury target, travel and hospitality. Media strategy focused on shedding light on Hilton Worldwide Australasia made differently from the other brands of hotels, to raise awareness on key questions, issues and changes that occur with the industry and introduced Hilton Worldwide as a leader of opinion and change agent to these key discussion topics. This strategy has been chosen to achieve a wider network of customers - and not only luxury, hospit ality and travel business, but, HR, customer service and the MICE sector sustainability. The public relations for Hilton Worldwide Australasia strategy involved running tactics of traditional public relations, including press releases, interviews, and the possibilities of expression. Causes and effects: Hilton worldwide is one of the most expensive hotel and its charges are increasing in nights (Hiltonworldwide.sc.hodesdigital.com 2013. This is no good for the clients and for the hotel itself. Household finances are also increasing so they will prefer to fulfill their basic necessities instead of spending in such an expensive hotel. They might buy their own farm house to spend vocation instead spending money in hotel in every vocations. Unemployment level is also increasing are more people are interested to be a part of hospitality industry. Recommendation: Hilton worldwide is doing its job very perfectly and efficiently handling its services. It in so many different countries but s till manages to maintain the quality of services and products. If we compare Hilton worldwide expenses and charges they are much higher than other five and seven star hotels. But if we look at the experience differentiation than there is no comparison of their hotel and living experience over there. Spending money in a place like Hilton worldwide seems worthwhile. Predictions: Research shows that Hilton Worldwide will be the market leader in the hospitality indus

Are Grades Distributed Fairly English Language Essay

Are Grades Distributed Fairly English Language Essay Elliott Miles, a retired educator and university president, discusses a disturbing trend on college campuses: grade inflation. Before you read, think of these questions: In the American education system, what does a grade of A mean? A grade of B, C, D? What about a grade of F? In your university courses, what grades do most students receive? Do you think the grades are distributed fairly (1) Most American universities today still use the traditional grading system of A-B-C-D-F, with A meaning excellent, B good, C satisfactory or average, D unsatisfactory but passing, and F of course failing. While some feel that this system has shortcomings (too inexact, too artificial, too subjective), it does represent the possible range of a students work, and most students and faculty members are comfortable or at least familiar with it. So far so good. However, American universities since the mid 1960s have increasingly been affected by the problem of grade inflation. This refers to the tendency of many faculty members to over-evaluate the quality of a students work and consequently to assign her/him a grade higher than the work deserves. The reason this practice is called inflation, a term borrowed from economics, is that it resembles paying too high a price for a given item, for example twenty dollars for a loaf of bread. The problem is common among American universities, in cluding even our most prestigious institutions, such as Harvard. As Craig Lambert reports in his article Desperately Seeking Summa, the grade of A there accounted for about twenty-two percent of all grades in 1966-67, whereas by 1991-92 it had come to account for forty-three percent almost double. (2) The trend toward inflated grades began in the mid-1960s probably because that was a time of great unrest on college campuses in the United States. There were widespread student protests against the Vietnam War and civil authority in general, frequently with the support and participation of the faculty. Under these circumstances, grading standards began to shift for the worse. Faculty members became more and more unwilling to give students a D, let alone an F; the grade of C came to denote a minimal pass, B to represent satisfactory, and A to mean better than a B. Today, students and faculty alike have this new, watered-down system in their heads, although their universitys official grading policy may be unchanged from previous times. (3) Why is this a problem? After all, a student is unlikely to feel put upon if his/her work is over-valued. However, when a faculty member records that a student has done excellent work, when in fact the work might only be pretty good or merely fair, that faculty member has committed two faults. First, he/she has told a lie about the students work, misrepresenting the students achievements. How would we react if the misrepresentation went the other way if the student had done excellent work, but the faculty member assigned a grade of B or even C? This would strike us all as dreadful, yet faculty members who assign falsely high grades are showing equally faulty judgment. Inaccurate grading is inaccurate grading, no matter which direction it takes. (4) The second fault is that the faculty member has broken faith with all those who will be harmed by the dishonesty. Most obvious among these are the students who really did do excellent or good work. It is grossly unfair to students who earned real As or Bs if their accomplishments are devalued by the lax standards applied to others. To illustrate with an example from the workplace: would it be fair for two employees to receive the same raise when one had done excellent work and the other only mediocre? (5) Grade inflation also harms anyone who must evaluate a students record, such as admissions officers at other universities and at professional schools. For instance, medical and law schools never have enough spaces for all applicants and hence must choose only the best qualified. When admissions officers evaluate the transcript of a student who received inflated grades as an under graduate, they get a false idea of that students past performance as well as his/her potential for future success in a rigorous professional curriculum. For a similar reason, potential employers are harmed when they are presented with an inflated academic transcript; faced with seemingly equal candidates, they may give a desirable position to a less deserving applicant because they had a false understanding of that persons actual abilities. (6) And finally, our society at large is harmed because grade inflation undermines the integrity of the universities, which is one of our greatest assets. If university faculty members cannot be trusted to give an honest evaluation of each students academic work, public disappointment will inevitably set in and rightly so. The solution to the problem, though difficult, is simple: each faculty member should make a conscious decision to assign grades based on the actual quality of a students work, realizing that not every student will be able to earn the highest, or even the second highest, grade. One of my former students made the point very concisely in an essay that she wrote on grade inflation: Lets put the excellence back in the A. Author of article Elliott Miles Title of article Lets Put the Excellence Back in the A Title of the book Refining Composition Skills: Rhetoric and Grammar Author of book Reginal L. Smally, Mark K. Reutten and Joann R. Kozyrev Publisher Heinle Heinle Date 2001 Place Australia Choose one or more of the following questions to inspire your reader response paragraph. 1. How do the impressions of the audience change (or do they) after the second reading? Does the audience think any differently? Is the topic one that would make readers want to learn more? Why or why not? What is it that a reader would want to research for additional information? 2. Sometimes articles touch their audience, reminding them of their own life, as part of the larger human experience. Are there connections between the article and the audiences own life? Or, does the article remind its audience of an event (or events) that happened to someone they know? Does the article have a connection to a previous book or article? 3. If you were the author, would you have changed anything in the article and ideas? Do you have a negative connotation associated with the idea? What would you chance? 4. Does the article leave the audience with questions they would like to ask? What are they? Would the audience like to direct their questions at a particular character or an idea? What questions would the audience like to ask the author of the article? Are they questions that the audience may be able to answer by reading more about the authors life and/or works? What are the questions and how would they be answered? 5. Is there an idea in the book that makes the audience stop and think, or prompts questions? Identify the idea and explain the responses. 6. Has the article changed the reader in any way? The way you look at this theme or behave if you were to talk about this theme? What did you learn that you never knew before? 7. Capture what it is about the book that stands out (or doesnt stand out).

physics lab speed of sound in air :: essays research papers

Physics Waves Lab SL Introduction:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This lab will investigate the properties of mechanical waves such as a longitudinal wave, focusing on the question: Does a change in the frequency of a wave result in a significant and convincing change in the speed of the wave? Hypothesis: Changing the frequency of the wave will not result in a change in speed because the wavelength will change proportionally as in theory. Student Designed Investigation Procedure/ Planning Procedure: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Three students would get into a group. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A Slinky would be spread along a table or along the floor and set up as it shows on the diagram above for about 4 meters. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For proper data, the length of the floor was measured and marked with a tape. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A student would make small waves, while another would time it with a stopwatch until it reaches the other side. This step would be repeated, however the wave would be bigger or smaller, in order to find out if changing the frequency, the speed would change. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the data recoded for many different waves, the velocity would be compared for all of them. Materials: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Slinky 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Role-up meter stick 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stopwatch 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tape 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pen/Pencil 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Three Lab partners Proposal (diagram) of each Trial: Trial 1:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Trial 2:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trial 3: Trial 4: Trial 5: Planning: According to theory, as frequency changes, the wavelength will change proportionally; therefore, speed will remain the same. By following the procedure that our student design recommends, it will successfully control the variables that should not be changed, such as the slinky, its stretch distance, and the temperature, in order to prove the theory above. The independent variable would be the frequency of the wave, which would change in every trial, while the dependent would be time, which would later be used to find the speed of the traveling wave. In order to collect data, two students would hold the slinky while on would make waves, and a third person would measure the time. A table similar to this should be done after collecting data: Trial  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Frequency  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Time  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Speed. 1  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An estimation of the number of waves over time.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The time it took for the first wave to reach the end.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Speed=distance/time 2†¦(more trials) 5 recommended  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Data  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Data  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Data Calculations: The student should fill the table above, and compare the results. After collection the speed of each wave, a graph should be drawn where the y axis is the speed, and the x axis should be the frequency. Uncertainty: The uncertainty of this lab would be based on the timing of the student, and the distance that was measured for the slinky.

Pestel and Porters Tesco

PESTEL provides an analysis into the external business factors which may effect the company performances. It can be used on a daily, weekly, monthly and yearly basis to analysis the macro environmental effects on a company. POLITICAL-EU Free trading laws promoting trade between western and eastern European resulting in expansion of tesco retail outlets ECONOMIC-Economic recession has affected consumers buying behaviors. Consumers buy essential commodities however the demand for luxury has decreased.Consumers spend less time eating out and spend more time eating in, in order to cut down on cost. SOCIAL-The majority of the uk population is made up of retired people who spend less on food and eat less. Consumer attitude changing to become more healthy. Increase in demand for organic foods. Increase in UK ethnicity population has lead to a wide range of food items available in store TECHNOLOGICAL-Increase in population access to internet has caused an increase in Online grocery shopping. Loyaty programs has enabled tesco to analyze consumers spending habits.Mobile technology allowing convenient shopping on mobile devices. Self service tills makes buying quicker for customers ENVIRONMENTAL-Incentives to re-use bags and be more environmentally friendly. Recycling center’s available at tescos. Carbon foot print data available on some products. Greener living scheme which advices customers on environmental issues such as how to reduce food waste and carbon foot print when preparing meals LEGAL-Increase in VAT rate will affect the non-food sector of tescos. Increase of minimum wage of over 21s (from 6. 08 to 6. 9) impacts operating costs. PORTERS 5 forces allows the analysis of the competitive environment. SUBSTITUTE of PRODUCTS and services-Low threat of substitute for food products as tescos provides quality goods at low prices Substitutes- indirect- pubs offering food, local marketss or shops, on line suppliers New COMPETITORS – Low rate of competition from new entrants into the market because it takes a huge investment and a new business pathway to capture customers however lidl, aldi have come in to the market capturing a new market with lower prices.Marks and spencer offer food at the high end of the market Old COMPETITORS – High rate of competition from other food retail stores such as asda, Morrison, Sainsbury’s and waitros in the form of price, promotions and retaining customer loyalty. Competitors Sainsbury etc compete as a traditional competitor for market share BARGINING POWER OF BUYERS High bargaining powers of buyers in the supermarkets, high.We have lots of choice as to where we shop. Tesco have to keep on their toes to be competitive. When I take the DLR to work however the buyer has no power, no choice, so prices go up BARGINING POWERS OF SUPPLIERS – suppliers to supermarkets have little power and get squeezed by the big boys. they have to supply at a lower price, will not get paid by tesco until it suits tesco.

Settler In Colonial America Essays - Tropical Agriculture

Settler In Colonial America Essays - Tropical Agriculture Settler In Colonial America The settlers in Colonial America continued to cook in tradition with their heritage, while incorporating new foods into their diet. Colonists had staple foods which they used in almost everything, but they also had seasonal foods. All and all most settlers had similar diets to the ones they had had in their old country, but when faced with an abundance of new, unfamiliar edibles, they couldn't help but try them. The main staple food of the settlers was actually a food native to America: corn. Every farmer grew corn as the early settlers were taught by the Native Americans. Indians taught the settlers how to harvest the corn, how to grind it into meal and how to preserve it throughout the year. Settlers made it into an oatmeal-like dish and this could be eaten for breakfast and even sometimes lunch. They were careful not to waste the rest of the corn either. The stalks were used as food for the cattle in the winter, the husks to stuff mattresses, and the cobs as jug stoppers, tool handles and the bowls of pipes. Chickens also enjoyed the kernels. Another staple food was the hog. ....[hogs] were excellent foragers and able to live on what they found in the woods.....(Hawk p38). These characteristics made them easy and cheap to take care of. Additionally, hogs provided a large amount of meat for the settlers. The meat from four fairly sized hogs could last a family through the winter. A hog killing was quite an orderly project considering the fact that settlers used every part of the hog. An old colonial saying used to say All of the hog is used except the squeal.(Breen p47). The blood was caught and used in blood pudding, the intestines for sausage skins and chitterlings, and the fat portions for lard. The shoulders, hams, and bacon flanks were salted and cured to eat in the future. The Native Americans tried to introduce the settlers to other new foods, but some didn't catch on. For example, sweet potatoes were tried, but they quickly rejected. Settlers basically didn't like vegetables and believed they were food more meet for hogs and savage beasts to feed upon than mankind(Hawk p75). The only vegetables they really ate were ones brought from Europe: parsnips, turnips, onions, peas, carrots, and cabbage. Cabbage was a favorite of the Dutch and the German settlers. With it they introduced koolslaa(coleslaw) and sauerkraut into the culinary world. Settlers also ate other game and produce. Venison, raccoon, chicken, goat, and beef were all part of a persons diet as well as seafood and flying game. Some popular berries eaten by colonists were huckleberries, blackberries, blueberries, also called sky berries, and wild strawberries. As far as how food was prepared, settlers stuck mostly to the traditional cooking ways of their old countries, especially the English Puritans. Their meals are described by one author as being dull and tasteless.... (Wright p75). The day began with breakfast. Breakfast usually consisted of a hot cereal-like dish called samp, which was corn pounded into a powder and eaten hot or cold with milk and butter. Sometimes, if one was lucky, a little molasses was added. A similar meal was eaten for lunch, and then came dinner. Dinner usually consisted of a stew or pottage whose contents varied according to the season. Little spice was added to these leaving them pretty flavorless. In the German settlements of Pennsylvania, food would be a tad more lavish for special occasions. One major event was a barn raising. While the men worked on the barn, the women prepared the feast that would be had afterwards. The tables were set with metzel soup, hamburg soup, wurst, sauerkraut, potatoes, snitz and knep, assortments of pies and cakes and a variety of spreads. Another event in the new German culture was the autumn butchering in late November. People would spend the day cutting meat, making sausage, rendering lard, making scrapple, and smoking hams and bacons over fires. The Settlers of Colonial America didn't have a fancy outlook on eating. They cooked and ate as needed. Gourmet suppers were not very common. Even though the settlers food and preparation style were traditional and basic, they still incorporated the new

To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch Essay Example

To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch Essay Example To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch Paper To kill a mocking bird. Admirable qualities of Atticus Finch Paper This story has all the qualities of a great fiction novel. That is why the novel is so famous fifty four years later. When I read this story, I got lost in the intricate plot, and remained entertained through Gem, Dill, and Scouts adventures, all the way to the heart wrenching ending. Like many books, this novel contains a unique cast of admirable characters who demonstrate a variety of likable qualities. Tactics Finch, one of the mall characters, exhibits many honorable traits that any reader would appreciate. In Harper Lees To Kill a Mocking Bird Tactics illustrates the qualities of being humble, intelligent, and ultimately courageous. Firstly, Tactics is a very humble man. He doesnt let pride get the best of him, and he always pushes to do the right thing. An example of his humbleness is when he allows Walter Cunningham, a little boy who is a poor farm child, into his home for dinner one evening. The thought of having a poor farm boy Into a wealthy, successful lawyers home In todays world Just doesnt happen. But Tactics TLD care about how much money someone had or the type of clothes they had on their back: anyone was welcome into his home. Scout, Tactics daughter didnt think the same. She said, He into company, Tactics, hes Just a Cunningham. California, Tactics house maid, knew that Tactics allowed anyone into their home and replied, Hush your mouth! Dont matter who they are, anybody sets foot in this house you company and dont let me catch you remarking on their ways like you was so high and mighty (Lee 33). It Is evident that Tactics had his home pen to anyone and you can tell that he teaches his children the same. And doesnt want them to think they are better than anyone else. When necessary his house maid, California, has to remind them every so often of their fathers rules Another example is that, Tactics is highly intelligent. Not only is he book smart, but he is very street smart, too. Tactics is a lawyer, so he knows the law, and being a lawyer takes a lot of knowledge. In the book it says, Tactics Finch went to Montgomery to read law. (Lee 5) So he knew all the rules and regulations federally and In state. Also, being a lifelong citizen, everyone knew Tactics and he knew everyone, he knew his neighbors and how they felt about certain situations. For example, when Tom Robinson was at the Jail house, Tactics suspected that something fishy might go down. So Tactics spent that night at watch, protecting Tom Robinson. And Just as he suspected, all the towns men came late that night to try and hurt Tom Robinson, but Tactics was there to stop him. This makes It safe to say Tactics Intelligence and gut feeling saved Tom Robinsons life, Lastly, Tactics Is a very courageous man. One example is he is a single parent raising two children, has a steady job, and keep up his household. Another example, which is the main subject in the story is that, Tactics defended Tom Robinson, a young black man accused of a sexually heinous crime; raping a white woman. During that time, if a black person was accused of something, they were automatically guilty. But Tactics believed that Tom was wanted a fair case. He didnt care about what anyone said, or how they felt about him. He knew it was his Job and duty to do the right thing, even if it had uniqueness. For that reason, Tactics is found to be very courageous for wanting to do the right thing even when the outcome may have been inevitable. In conclusion, there are many reasons why Tactics Finch is a likeable character in To Kill a Mocking Bird. Ultimately, him being humble, intelligent, and courageous makes him admirable. In particular these traits teach people important values that all mankind should exhibit and strive to live life with. Lees novel is definitely a novel whose admirable characters leave a lasting impression on all of its readers.

HW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HW - Essay Example 332). SOX (Sarbanes-Oxley Act) demands the recording of the system used by management in an effort to evaluate its efficiency and announce any errors or weaknesses. This documentation is always subject to auditing requirements that may require constant revision (Natan, p. 333). Lastly, the 1386 regulation California Senate Bill mandates the proper requirements and abilities to be aware of any access to private California resident data by unauthorized parties. Identifying any such breaches requires the business to base its auditing requirements on effective privacy measures (Natan, p. 335). Auditing should include schema, stored procedures or activators, user freedoms, and other DDL changes. From protection, compliance, structure management, and procedural perspectives, these factors are vital collectively (Natan, p. 357). DDL instructions are most likely the most destructive instructions today and allow intruders to compromise any network with absolution from a security point of view. Numerous regulations made organizations and individual data users audit all changes to data configurations from a compliance point of view. Compliance requisites for schema modifications during auditing are frequently the same as the requisites characterized as under structural management and IP administration initiatives. As a result, an external party will be able to maliciously alter, utilize, and roll back schema to its original form. These functions can occur without the authorized user noticing, particularly when the entire process occurred within less than 24 hours (Natan, p. 358) . The DML audit trails discussed in Section 12.9 reveal how one can selectively determine the items and instructions that need auditing. This determination comes about through unsophisticated and rough calculations. More specifically, Ben Natan anticipates DML audit

Compare and explain the historical political instability experienced Essay

Compare and explain the historical political instability experienced by France, Germany and Italy - Essay Example There is a period in every nation’s history when political turbulence reigns. These are periods when governments experience economic, social and political crises, which could be the result of contemporary development or a change in political system. More specifically, political instability could be attributed on several factors such as industrialization, population growth, â€Å"the revolution of rising expectations† or even international tensions. â€Å"Some social scientists have followed Aristotle's view that political instability is generally the result of a situation in which the distribution of wealth fails to correspond with the distribution of political power and have echoed his conclusion that the most stable type of political system is one based on a large middle class. Others have adopted Marxist theories of economic determinism that view all political change as the result of changes in the mode of production. Still others have focused on governing elites an d their composition and have seen in the alienation of the elite from the mass the prime cause of revolutions and other forms of violent political change.† Vibrant democracies in Europe have undergone same internal political conflicts, which have brought down governments and have shaken political systems. France, Germany and Italy have experienced their own respective political upheavals in differing timelines in their history. This made it possible for us to improve our ability to describe and analyze any pattern, situations or factors that brought about conflicts in European political system.

International Sustainmable Tourism Management Essay

International Sustainmable Tourism Management - Essay Example However, this is not as easy as it sounds when the community is the one to develop tourism and not definite authoritative bodies. Community capital and other relevant resources are the ones that are used thereby bringing many people on board with and without necessary skills. This complicates decision making and entire management of the system. For this endeavour to succeed there is need to have good community organisation and institutional development. Success results into the form of tourism termed as Community Based Tourism (CBT). This paper will highlight various aspects of CBT while trying to evaluate its effectiveness. CBT has been attaining prominence as a formal mode of tourism as time goes by in many nations since its humble beginnings more than four decades ago. Communities back in the villages have been as a result heavily involved in related activities. Tourism in this case has benefited a great deal from this arrangement while the same applies to the communities involved . This has therefore bred mutual dependence where local people have benefited from income generated and tourism from ample knowledge of various attractions (Wangyel 2006). Local people are obligated to provide hospitality and the required cultural interaction to the tourists. Tour operators on the other hand are able to ask for a higher price for the personalised and original service. The local population in this respect is supposed to undergo some training so as to gain knowledge and skills vital in tourism management. Tour companies and authorities are required to offer guidance and marketing strategies necessary to maintain tourism activities. The beauty of this form of relationship between the locals and the tour operators and authorities is that no party has absolute skills or knowledge on tourism. Instead each party has its strengths and capacity to do tourism but it is their collaboration that ensures successful partnership and tourism. Tour companies have the knowledge of ho w to source for tourists while the community has adequate knowledge of tourist attractions. This is a good platform to enhance some level of public-private partnership (PPP). PPP and CBT work towards enhancing community’s welfare by having access to global market while minimising the negative impacts that tourism brings to the society and the environment (Mowforth and Munt 2009). The two also ensure that the community owns tourism processes while people get jobs and management skills. The link between the public and private firms results in either side showcasing its strengths for the benefit of all. It is important to note here that CBT encompasses environmental conservation, social integration and cultural sustainability while increasing the awareness of tourists in regards to the community’s lifestyle. Principles and elements of CBT Before a CBT project is initiated there are a number of issues that have to be looked into for the project not to fail after taking off ; Natural resources The community needs to have a habit of utilising their natural resources in a sustainable manner. Some level of conservation should be evident in the community so as to ensure that tourist attractions remain as they are, if not better. The other element is that the culture of the community has to be unique (McCool and Moisey 2001). Uniqueness here connotes that the local people’

Culture Studies for Fashion Essay Example for Free

Culture Studies for Fashion Essay This essay discusses how fashion helps convey the social identity of the rich and wealthy. Status includes class, gender, and ages. Status is important in today’s society. As Coco Chanel said, †women should dress as plainly as their maids† (Davis 1992:57). A person who is wealthy is a symbol of a person who is successful and of high income in the society. Being wealthy can upgrade one’s status to a higher class, and to be associated with the upper class society. Being wealthy will bring about better lifestyle and standard of living, which allows one to move to a better place and area of residence. Naturally, it creates a bigger opportunity to mingle with societies of a different class. This essay will discuss about status and wealth followed by the history of fashion and how important the type of fabric is in differentiating status and classes. We will then discuss about how technology in the 21st century has helped in the development of fashion. In the late 13th and 14th century, the fabric and gem trade brought back from the east started and spread throughout Europe. These fabric and cloths could only be afforded by the rich, thus wearing these clothes showed the status in the society. This was as Davis (1992; 58) said, ‘Wearing one’s wealth on one’s back’. Different classes of people had very different lifestyles and attended different activities. For example the upper class people went shopping, had afternoon tea, attended evening balls, and were presented the chance to have an education in school. The standard of living was very vastly different as lower class people had to suffer, go through hunger, and possess no extra money for anything other than their basic necessities. Their source of income were either by working day and night in the factory, working as maids for the rich or operating small business stalls. Aristocrats and upper class people communicated their wealth by wearing luxurious brands, expensive accessories, jewelry, and unique apparels from famous designers, and the men talk about business, cars, property, and women. In the eighteenth century, male and female of the aristocracy, and of the upper Bourgeoisie who emulated it, were equally partial to ample display of lace, rich velvets, fine silks, and embroideries, on appease. To highly ornamented footwear, to coiffures, wigs, and hats of rococo embellishment, and to lavish use of scented powders, rouges, and other cosmetics (Los Angeles Country Museum of Art 1983 in Davis 1992). In the twentieth to twenty first century, technology started to become more and more advance. People started to be more reliant on computers. Internet has become a very useful gateway to immediate information. The mass public has fast and direct access to information through the Internet, as an example they can also now browse luxury brands website, watch fashion shows, and do online shopping. Therefore with the ease of access to information, marketing and publicity of a product can reach the consumer level faster than ever before. When a jewelry or luxury brand’s product is worn, people can easily recognize the product and have an idea of a person’s wealth through the worth of their attire. According to Arvanitidou and Gasouka ‘Dressing is an important and controllable way to communicate one’s values, particularly rich in emotional and psychosocial consequences’. People are willing to pay for luxury brand as the brand name is associated with fashion, elegance, class and value. Some example of the designer brands under the luxury category are such as Louis Vuitton, Prada, Chanel, Gucci, Salvatore Ferragamo, Hermes, Versace and others. These luxury brands have been well known in the fashion retail market for a long time. Buying branded goods is like insurance for women as it can easily be sold in the second hand market apart from it being fashionable and trendy. The other reason luxury brands sell well is due to is timeless, evergreen design. Some classic designs will stand the test of time. Shopping to women has a therapeutic effect, be it in shopping malls, luxury shops, or department stores. They indulge in the moment and make themselves happy, especially when buying from luxury brands. Upper class people have the financial capability to purchase most of the things that they like. They also like to compare amongst themselves, so they are ometimes under peer pressure to have the latest and the most fashionable product in order to show off and convince people of their status in the society. With this, they would be able to show that they are wealthy enough to enjoy the luxury brand’s quality products and prove their status. Drama and television advertisement has become a major influence in marketing and publicity of products, especially to the young people. Young people in the twenty first century like to idolize film stars, celebrities, and Korean pop stars, following closely their news, styles, actions, and lifestyles. As the Internet now is very advanced, young people can see live news on the Internet and share the news out to their circle of contact. The standard of living today has changed globally and young people today have higher disposable income. This allows them to chase after branded goods as we are living in a much commercialized world today. We are hit with commercials and advertisements in every direction, from the television, to the radio, magazines, billboards, sponsors of sports, etc. Therefore young people today are also chasing after luxury brands to be associated with status and class. Young children in the twenty first century are more matured thinking; they use make up, wear sexy dresses, and make themselves looks like an adult. They make up a big portion of market share for new technology products which is in trend such as Ipad mini, Iphone5, and Samsung note two. Possessing either one of these product, people will easily recognize their wealth through the product’s worth. In conclusion, wealth is an important factor complementing status. Historically, there was a big difference between aristocracies, upper class people and lower class people in terms of lifestyle and attire. Wearing the right clothes, the appropriate dress for the occasion, fitting in rather than standing out, is the dominant concerns of most people’ (Twigg 2009: 4). Wearing a classic, elegant gown in an evening party is very important in forming the impression of yourself on status and class. Internet and the latest technological products are very useful in helping people receive firsthand information. The products of latest technology are most of the time expensive, and holding the latest items will show that one is wealthy.

Halfway Houses/Hawthorn Heights Essays -- Criminal Justice

As the need for increasingly punitive community-based sanctions grew, the demand for a greater variety of programs and services became apparent, as did the importance of a more seamless transition from total incapacitation to total freedom of prisoners re-entering society. A variety of community corrections methods have developed over the years, one being the institution of halfway houses. To adequately understand residential community corrections, one must consider the origins, components, and effectiveness of halfway houses. Initially halfway houses in the United States were operated by nonprofit organizations as a means for recently released prisoners to find their footing upon re-entry. Between 1816 and 1930, the function of the halfway house was to provide interim food and shelter while the offender looked for work and became financially stable enough to support themself. Participation was strictly voluntary as state support was lacking, primarily due to the fact that it was and is strongly believed ex-offenders should minimize their contact with one another. (Alarid and Del Carmen 182) A transition to treatment and correctional supervision via halfway house in the 1950’s garnered great support as concern regarding parole revocation and crime increased. In a matter of years halfway houses began to receive government assistance and financial support. Funding sources were dramatically increased through the 1968 Safe Streets Act and a focus on community corrections was prevalent. By the time funding began to decrease in the 1980’s, halfway houses had found their place in corrections as an alternative to incarceration and a safe place for offenders to transition out of prison, reducing potential problems due to overcrowding. (A... ...do V. Del Carmen.Community-Based Corrections. Eigth. Belmont: Wadsworth, 2011. 179-206. Print. Klein-Saffran, Jody. "Electronic Monitoring vs. Halfway Houses: A Study of Federal Offenders."Alternatives to Incarceration. Fall 1995: 24-28. Web. 29 Mar. 2012. . Lagos, David. NC Courts. NC Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission . Compendium of Community Corrections Programs in North Carolina . Raleigh: , 2010. Web. . Shilton, Mary K. U.S. Department of Justice. Bureau of Justice Assistance. Increasing Public Safety Through Halfway Houses. 2003. Web. content/3-halfway-houses-pub-safety.pdf>. Halfway Houses/Hawthorn Heights Essays -- Criminal Justice As the need for increasingly punitive community-based sanctions grew, the demand for a greater variety of programs and services became apparent, as did the importance of a more seamless transition from total incapacitation to total freedom of prisoners re-entering society. A variety of community corrections methods have developed over the years, one being the institution of halfway houses. To adequately understand residential community corrections, one must consider the origins, components, and effectiveness of halfway houses. Initially halfway houses in the United States were operated by nonprofit organizations as a means for recently released prisoners to find their footing upon re-entry. Between 1816 and 1930, the function of the halfway house was to provide interim food and shelter while the offender looked for work and became financially stable enough to support themself. Participation was strictly voluntary as state support was lacking, primarily due to the fact that it was and is strongly believed ex-offenders should minimize their contact with one another. (Alarid and Del Carmen 182) A transition to treatment and correctional supervision via halfway house in the 1950’s garnered great support as concern regarding parole revocation and crime increased. In a matter of years halfway houses began to receive government assistance and financial support. Funding sources were dramatically increased through the 1968 Safe Streets Act and a focus on community corrections was prevalent. By the time funding began to decrease in the 1980’s, halfway houses had found their place in corrections as an alternative to incarceration and a safe place for offenders to transition out of prison, reducing potential problems due to overcrowding. (A... ...do V. Del Carmen.Community-Based Corrections. Eigth. Belmont: Wadsworth, 2011. 179-206. Print. Klein-Saffran, Jody. "Electronic Monitoring vs. Halfway Houses: A Study of Federal Offenders."Alternatives to Incarceration. Fall 1995: 24-28. Web. 29 Mar. 2012. . Lagos, David. NC Courts. NC Sentencing and Policy Advisory Commission . Compendium of Community Corrections Programs in North Carolina . Raleigh: , 2010. Web. . Shilton, Mary K. U.S. Department of Justice. Bureau of Justice Assistance. Increasing Public Safety Through Halfway Houses. 2003. Web. content/3-halfway-houses-pub-safety.pdf>.

Deviance and Crime (Sociology)

One of the ways in which sociologists theorize deviance is through the control theory. This theory was first pioneered by Travis Hirschi in 1969. The control theory suggests that a person who does commit serious crimes is free of any emotional, social feelings and for those that do not commit crimes are able to control themselves to not commit crimes and behave in an acceptable manner in society without being a danger to others. Basically, this theory emphasizes that a person from birth is capable of acting in criminal behaviour, but the social factors affect a person from committing criminal acts or not.Within this theory there are four factors in which someone will not commit in any deviant behaviour. These factors are attachment, commitment, involvement and belief . Attachment applies to affection that a person has for their parents or friends, etc. and does not want to disappoint or hurt by involving themselves into delinquent behaviour. Commitment is used to describe what a pers on has to lose when they involve themselves in committing crimes, etc. such as having a high standing in society or whether they are in school or are employed.Involvement refers to the amount of time a person invests in something that keeps them busy such as any extracurricular activities, for example, which would prevent them from having the time to commit crimes. The final factor belief refers to a person’s own belief system and whether or not they choose to follow societal rules and that if they do believe in these rules, they would be less likely to act in a deviant manner. These bonds that are presented by Hirschi are meant to represent that they control our behaviour through social contraventions and are not necessarily laws that are within our society.Basically, this theory best describes the reasons in which deviance is theorized because it takes into effect all of the reasons in which a person would or would not act in a deviant manner. The four bonds that were menti oned above highlight the factors that are important in almost everyone’s lives and that if any of those are missing in our lives, it would lead us to act in devious ways. An example in which describes the way in which these social bonds can present hemselves when they are no longer there are described in the article â€Å"Key Idea: Hirschi’s Social Bond/Social Control Theory† when they describe how a person would still stop at a stop sign in the middle of nowhere with no other traffic and no police cars observing. This is a good example because it shows that a person is still worried about any possible implications that a bad decision would affect them. The control theory is a theory, which could best to explain deviance and why people act in a deviant manner. The reason why is that the manner in which people are raised and who they are surrounded by.For example, someone does not commit any crimes because of the fact that they have family and friends and conform to society’s rules so that they could continue to have the bonds that they have with their friends and family, but when that bond is broken, that leaves room for the person to partake in deviant acts. Some of the weaknesses that can be pointed out in this factor could be that some delinquents who are underage could possibly have less parental supervision and that they would be free to experiment with different things whether it is illegal or not.Another weakness in this theory is that a person is not essentially capable of committing criminal acts from birth, but there are events in a person’s life where they need or want to involve themselves in criminal acts. This theory is the better theory when describing deviance. This is the better theory because it takes into effect most of the reasons why a person would or would not take part in deviant behaviour. The four social bonds that are described within this theory are things that a person would hold dear and would not jeopardize these relationships or beliefs and feelings by partaking in criminal or deviant behaviour.

Marriage Contract

Marriage contracts have become fashionable in this twenty first century. This is where the husband and wife agree to be married only for a period of time. This can be done formally or informally. Usually this is characterized by writing of wills. The contract springs from the arbitrary will of the people involved. In this case the husband and wife. This usually shows who will own the property after the contract expires. The contract is usually formal when there is a common will between the parties. This is where there is alienation of a thing, and in this case one of the parties has a negative moment. There is also appropriation of the thing where the other party has a positive moment. Marriage is usually understood as a social institution. It generally constitutes of social, religious, communicative, and contractual dimensions. There are usually conflicting needs and natural inclinations when marriage is viewed as a contract. Philosophy of Marriage The philosophy of marriage acknowledges that this institution provides security for the people there in. This philosophy stipulates that the parties involved have to take full responsibility to children until they are old enough to be independent. This means that the fruits of procreation will always exist in a marriage. This is where individuals will provide protection and support to each other. In the marriage philosophy, there exists mutual respect between the parties. Each partner brings in love, and care to the relationship. In this case there is no overriding partner or superiority is not exercised in this case. There is equality between the parties. [1] Philosophy of Love This shows that people get married to the people they love and those that they are attracted to. The philosophy of love acknowledges that love normally diminishes with time when the parties get married. There are different types of love .This includes the Eros that is characterized by excitement and intimacy. This commonly exists between people of the different sex. Love is important to any marriage set up. There is also the agape and philia love. Religion There are various forms of religion in the world today. The marriage union may bring together people of diverse religions. Among the religions available[2] includes Christianity, Muslim, Hinduism, Buddhists etc. Due to high mobility rates individuals in marriage may be from different religions. This factor has influenced formation of marriage contracts. This is where either of the parties doesn’t want to change his or her religion or stay with someone of a different religion forever. They then agree to stay together just for a period. In case children are born in such set up then they may be allowed to choose for themselves once they are mature enough. When the children are still young it becomes hard to decide which religion they belong. Parties can cope by allowing children be of father’s religion till they are old enough to choose. Rearing of Children Most marriages are normally blessed with children. Some partners may agree not to have children at all. In contract marriages, partners provide care, support and protection to children when the contract still exists. When the contract expires, the parties agree who will take custody of children. Some partners may share the kids between themselves. Most of them let the mother take custody of the children and the father supports financially. In this case the father may be allowed to visit. This is how the parties cope. Communication Communication is an important aspect in any marriage set up. In marriage contracts, communication is normally very good when the parties are still married. In marriage the parties should be open to each other. They share joys, even fears. When the contract expires communication dwindles. Parties become reserved. Individuals cope by looking for new friends at work or in the neighborhood. Money When parties are married, they may have joint accounts. Each of them has to contribute some amount of money to wellbeing of the family. They are accountable to each other on how they spend their money. When the contract expires each individual chooses what to do with their finances and is not accountable to the other party. Parties may cope by taking up extra job to meet their needs. Intimacy When the individuals are married, intimacy is inevitable. The individuals will automatically have sex within the marriage institution. When the marriage contract expires, the parties will no longer enjoy the conjugal rights. Neither of the parties will demand from the other. Some individuals may still be intimate even after the marriage contract expiring. Other parties cope by having other sexual partners. Personal and Spouse Independence They are very little personal independence when parties are still married. When the contract expires the man and woman expect to be independent. The individuals are no longer accountable to each other. Each person minds his or her own business. Some parties who want their personal independence after the contract may relocate to other places. Social Activities When in marriage individuals enjoy social activities like partying, swimming or jogging together. The parties are free with one another. Such social activities bring joy to the marriage. Coping with such an issue can be tricky because the individuals could have gotten used to each other. Some may continue having social activities after the contract expires. Some cope by getting new friends to socialize with. Occupational Issues When parties are still married occupational issues are affected in relation to family responsibilities. For instance a wife may remain at home and take care of kids while the husband goes to work. When the marriage contract expires the wife may cope by getting a job and employing a house help. This is because the husband may never give her much support as before. Household Responsibilities In marriage set up, the husband and wife normally share the household responsibilities. This includes laundry work, cleaning, cooking and things like baby sitting. When the marriage contract expires, parties may cope by employing house helps or end up doing all the work by themselves which may be quite strenuous. This may need resigning from work. Conclusion Marriage in itself encompasses so many issues. There are religion issues, money, intimacy, communication among others. It is always better when the parties stick together throughout their lifetime for better and for worse. While marriage contracts are thriving in this century, they are not the best. This is because children are adversely affected. The individuals find it hard to cope .This is in relation to intimacy issues, rearing children and shouldering other responsibilities. It is needless to say that two are better than one, because when one falls down, the other can pick him or her up. Reference Danley, J. R. (1979): Contracts, conquerors, and conquests, IN: Southwestern journal of philosophy. – 10:no. 1:171-177 [1] Danley, J. R. (1979): Contracts, conquerors, and conquests, IN: Southwestern journal of philosophy. – 10:no. 1:171-177 [2] Danley, J. R. (1979): Contracts, conquerors, and conquests, IN: Southwestern journal of philosophy. – 10:no. 1:171-177 Â   Â